Current Thoracic Surgery

Pulmonary sequestration is defined as a segment of the lung that is supplied by one or more systemic arteries and has no connection with normal bronchial structures. This rare lung condition is basically classified into two different types: extralobar sequestration (ELS), which has its own pleura, and intralobar sequestration (ILS), which is in structural continuity with normal lung tissue. While aberrant arterial supply is usually derived from the thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, celiac artery, splenic artery, and intercostal artery, it can also rarely be provided from the subclavian, left gastric, phrenic, and coronary arteries. This patient group can be asymptomatic but may present with complaints such as cough, fever, hemoptysis, and chest pain when symptomatic. Surgery is currently the treatment of choice for such patients.

Here, we present a rare and fatal case of pulmonary sequestration supplied by the pulmonary artery in a neonate who was born at 32 weeks of gestation weighing 1980 g, required mechanical ventilatory support, and was operated on while intubated on the 32nd day of birth to provide curative treatment.